LEXICAL MEANING AND ITS LOSS, GAIN, AND SKEWING OF INFORMATION IN TRANSLATION

Every word in a culture can be expressed in another. However, some concepts of meaning in the source language do not have lexical equivalents in the target language due to thedifference of the two cultures which are not in the same families. The study aims to present the equivalence of the lexical items which are unknown in the target language. Descriptive qualitative methods will be used to describe the lexicalcultural gap of expressions in a novel Mirror Image which was translated in Belahan Jiwa. Three approaches; Reference Theory, Componential Analysis, and Meaning postulatesused to compare and contrast the semantic features of a lexical meaning concept.. Meanwhile, Knowledge-Based Theory utilized to describe the loss / gain of the semanticfeatures and changes of the linguistic forms in translation. It was found in this study that either loss or gain of information in translation was due to the difference of two linguistic systems, cultures, and changes of linguistic formwere due to translator preference

TERJEMAHAN UNGKAPAN IDIOMATIS DALAM PERGESERAN KOHESIF DAN KOHERENSI

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tipe pergeseran yang diakibatkan oleh perbedaan duasistem bahasa dan budaya yang tidak serumpun. Kedua perbedaan tersebut mengakibatkan pergeseran,yang merupakan bagian dari strategi penerjemahan untuk mendapatkan kesepadanan alamiah yangpaling mendekati, tidak dapat dihindari. Kajian ini bersifat deskriptif kwalitatif dalam menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan padanan ungkapanidiomatis novel bilingual Mirror Image dan terjemahannya Belahan Jiwa. Teori Terjemahan Shifts ofCohesion and Coherence in Translation (Blum-Kulka dalam Venuti, 2004) digunakan untukmengklasifikasi tipe pergeseran yang dilakukan penerjemah. Sedangkan, untuk ungkapan idiomatis yangtidak dikenal dalam budaya sasaran, Teori Lexical Equivalents when Concepts are Unknown (Larson,1998) digunakan untuk menginvestigasi dan mendeskripsikan kesepadanan konsep makna budaya sumberdan target. Ditemukan dua tipe pergeseran: (1) Pergeseran Kohesif akibat dari perbedaan sistem linguistikbahasa sumber dan bahasa target, dan (2) Pergeseran Koherensi akibat dari konsep makna budaya yangtidak dikenal dalam bahasa target

DOMESTIKASI IDEOLOGI DALAM PENERJEMAHAN INJIL: INGGRIS-BALI

The Bible’s translator expects his translation not only accurate, but also acceptable in accordance to the norms and cultural value of its reader. This study aims   to   describe   the   domesticating   ideology   in   translation.   Tu-VousTheory combined with Attitude, as part of Appraisal Theory in Systemic Functional Linguistics   are  used  to  investigate  how  the  word  should  be  used.  Dynamic Equivalence Theory is utilized to describe the word in use in society.   Descriptive qualitative   approach   in  determining   two   principle   orientations   of  translation techniques,   methods,   and   ideologies   were   applied   in   analyzing   the   data. Questionnaires containing sentences with English terms of address in Luke’s Bible and their equivalents in Balinese were used to verify the data. The findings show that  the domesticating  ideology  has  a positive  contribution  to the quality of the translation with regard to its accuracy, acceptability, and readability

COMPLEX CLAUSE OF BAHASA INDONESIA FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTIC

This paper discusses the meaning of the complex clause by a series of processes that are combined in a logical of the two clauses. Complex clause can be combined through one of two logical-semantic relationships that is expansion or projection. Systemic Functional Linguistics approach is used to describe the five texts taken at random. The five texts are: (1) Gembala dan malaikat, (2) Pendahuluan, (3) Melakukan Studi Gender dalam Bahasa, (4) Korporasi, Kerja dan Kultur, dan (5) Gara-gara Dilarang Bertemu (1) Shepherd and angels, (2) Introduction, (3) Doing Gender in Language Studies, (4) Corporations, Employment and Culture, and (5) Due to Divorce, No Meet Pets. The analysis of the five texts is not opposed but complementary to one another. By using a qualitative descriptive method, it was found two types of logical-semantic relations: (1) Expansion, and (2) projection. Integrating through one of the logical-semantic relations: expansion or projection is realized through a system of mutual dependence or taxis that can be divided into paratactic and hypotactic. Key words: Clause complex, expansion, projectio

PROPOSITIONAL AND EXPRESSIVE MEANINGS IN TRANSLATION OF LUKE’S GOSPEL INTO BALINESE

Perbedaan sistem linguistik dan budaya antara dua bahasa mengakibatkan penerjemahan makna proposisi I-you (dalam Tu(n)-Vous(n) bahasa Inggris dalam Injil Lukas ke dalam bahasa Bali memungkinkan mendapat bentuk variasi padanan yang berbeda. Formal Equivalent yang diterapkan penerjemah memungkinkan mendapat padanan makna proposisi dalam potential meanings: icang – cai ‘biasa’, tiang – ragane ‘menengah’, titiang–iratu. ‘merendah–meninggikan’. Pronomina pertama tidak mempunyai bentuk ‘meninggikan’, sedangkan pronomina kedua tidak mempunyai bentuk ‘merendahkan’. Selanjutnya, Dynamic Equivalent dan penerapannya melalui teknik pergeseran dalam penerjemahan: transposisi, dan modulasi memungkinkan mendapat padanan makna ekspresif dalam meaning potentials dalam penekanan makna-makna tertentu. Attitude, bagian dari Teori Apraisal dalam Linguistic Fungtional Systemic digunakan untuk menginvestivigasi makna interpersonal para pelibat dalam merujuk dan menentukan stratifikasi sosialnya. Ditemukan adanya beberapa bentuk variasi pronomina yang berbeda, baik dalam domain linguistik maupun domain sosial dalam penerjemahan Injil Lukas yang disebabkan oleh orientasi metode penerjemahan yang dilakukan penerjemah

TEKNIK PERGESERAN DALAM PENERJEMAHAN SISTEM SAPAAN DALAM BUDAYA RELIGI

The difference between two systems linguistics and cultures has made shift in translation unavoidable. The difference in linguistics has made changes in the grammatical categories and the difference in cultures has made changes in the point of view. The data focused on the address terms taken from the English-Balinese Luke’s Gospel. Nida’s Formal versus Dynamic equivalence Theory implemented to investigate the lexical choice of potential meanings. Both orientations were aimed at the closest natural equivalence. It was found that there were two types of shift: (1) Transposition which was due to the linguistic systems, and (2) modulation which was due to the culture

DOMESTIKASI IDEOLOGI DALAM PENERJEMAHAN INJIL: INGGRIS-BALI

The Bible’s translator expects his translation not only accurate, but also acceptable in accordance to the norms and cultural value of its reader. This study aims   to   describe   the   domesticating   ideology   in   translation.   Tu-VousTheory combined with Attitude, as part of Appraisal Theory in Systemic Functional Linguistics   are  used  to  investigate  how  the  word  should  be  used.  Dynamic Equivalence Theory is utilized to describe the word in use in society.   Descriptive qualitative   approach   in  determining   two   principle   orientations   of  translation techniques,   methods,   and   ideologies   were   applied   in   analyzing   the   data. Questionnaires containing sentences with English terms of address in Luke’s Bible and their equivalents in Balinese were used to verify the data. The findings show that  the domesticating  ideology  has  a positive  contribution  to the quality of the translation with regard to its accuracy, acceptability, and readability

TRANSLATION OF RELIGIOUS-CULTURAL TERMS OF ADDRESS IN THE LUKE’S BIBLE

This study analyses words and phrases used for addressing in the translation ofreligious-cultural terms of address in the Luke’s Bible. Their profiles and attitudes,techniques, methods, and ideologies applied as well as factors leading to and theirimpacts towards the degree of accuracy, readability, and acceptability were qualitativelydescribed.The data were taken from the Luke’s English Bible and their translations intoBalinese. First, the terms of address found in the source text were compared with thosefound in the target text with reference to the appraisal theoretical framework to identifythe social stratifications to which the addressee belongs to, which was then applied toidentify what translation techniques were applied. The formal and dynamic equivalence(de Ward and Nida, 1986: 36), and V diagram of the translation method (New Mark,1988: 45) were employed to show the translation orientations closely related to thetranslation ideology itself.The findings show that: (1) the choice of the linguistic variants in the targetlanguage was influenced by the dimensions of attitude: affect, judgment, andappreciation, either (positive [+], or negative [-]) among the participants; (2) there were12 translation techniques applied, two of which were the technique of calque and literal(0.06%) which were oriented towards the source language, 0.02% was ‘gray’, and therest, that is, 99.2% was oriented towards the target language. The dominance of thetranslation techniques which were oriented towards the target language shows that therewas a great cultural difference between the source text and the target text; (3) thedominance of the translation communicative method and the domestication ideologyshows that, when the translation process took place, the translator’s orientation wastowards the target reader; (4) the linguistic factor, the religious-cultural difference, andthe translator’s preference led to the translation techniques, methods and ideologiesapplied to translating the terms of address in the Luke’s Bible; (5) the translationtechniques, methods, and ideologies employed, positively contributed to the quality of thetranslation, causing the translation product to be highly accurate, intelligible, andculturally acceptable to the target reader